Summary
Kitchen cabinet installation order is one of the most-debated topics on UK building sites. The "correct" sequence is the one that protects finished work, holds tolerances, and lets the next trade in without rework. The KBSA (Kitchen Bathroom Bedroom Specialists Association) and most manufacturer fitting guides agree on a core sequence — tall units first to set the datum, wall units before base units to avoid working over finished worktops, and plinths last to absorb floor irregularities.
Where fitters disagree is the wall-vs-base argument. Older tradespeople were trained "base first" because base units were heavy timber and gave a stable platform to set wall units off. Modern kitchens — flat-pack carcasses on adjustable legs and rigid factory-built units — are lighter, levelled by leg-screws, and easier to install with wall units already up. Working above finished base units risks scratching worktops, dropping screws into drawers, and damaging soft-close hinges with ladder feet. Wall-unit-first is now the standard taught on most City & Guilds and CITB courses.
This article gives a defensible, sequenced fit-out for a domestic UK kitchen — applicable to handle-less, in-frame, slab and shaker styles — and notes where the order changes for islands, peninsulas and integrated appliance runs.
Key Facts
- Order of fit (standard run): Tall units → wall units → base units → worktop → plinth → appliances → cornice/pelmet → handles → silicone
- Tall units first — they set the vertical datum for the wall units. If wall units are hung first and the tall unit doesn't line through, the wall units must come down.
- Wall unit height above worktop — UK convention is 450mm clear between worktop and underside of wall unit. KBSA recommends 500–600mm above a hob for ventilation (check hood manufacturer; most extractors specify 650mm above gas, 600mm above induction).
- Wall unit fixing height — top of wall unit aligned with top of tall unit (commonly 2,150mm AFF for 720mm wall units on 900mm bases with 40mm worktop).
- Base unit leg adjustment — typical leg range 100–170mm. Set front legs first, then back legs, then check level both directions.
- Worktop tolerance — BS 6222-2 calls for worktop level within ±2mm over 2m. Scribe to wall on out-of-true plaster.
- Plinth height — 150mm standard in UK. Cut to suit floor finish thickness. Fit last to absorb LVT/tile thickness variation.
- Integrated appliance ventilation — fridge/freezer carcasses need a top vent and rear gap (typically 40mm) per manufacturer.
- Worktop overhang — 20–30mm at front, 0mm at back (scribed to wall). Sink front overhang reduced if undermount.
- Cornice and pelmet — fitted after wall units are aligned. Mitre at external corners, scribed at walls.
- British Standards:
- BS 6222-2:2009 — Domestic kitchen equipment: performance and dimensions
- BS 6222-3:1986 — Performance of internal fitments
- BS EN 14749:2016 — Domestic and kitchen storage units: requirements and test methods
- Building Regulations touchpoints:
- Part P (electrical) — any new circuits or kitchen rewiring are notifiable
- Part G (sanitation and hot water) — kitchen sink trap, hot water provision
- Part J (combustion appliances) — gas hob clearances, extractor vent
- Part F (ventilation) — kitchen intermittent extract minimum 30 L/s (cooker hood) or 60 L/s elsewhere
- Worktop substrate options: 18mm MFC, 38mm postformed laminate, 20mm quartz, 20–30mm granite, 12–20mm solid wood, 10–20mm sintered stone.
Quick Reference Table
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Try squote free →| Stage | Sequence | Reason | Common error |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Survey & set datum line | All units reference one horizontal datum, not the floor | Using floor as datum on out-of-level slab |
| 2 | Mark wall unit fixing line | Worktop height + 450mm clear | Marking from floor not datum |
| 3 | Install tall units | Set vertical alignment for run | Forgetting cooker hood vent route |
| 4 | Hang wall units | No worktop yet — clear working area | Damaging finished worktop with ladders |
| 5 | Position base units | Adjust legs to datum | Setting legs from floor, not level |
| 6 | Template & install worktop | Scribe to wall, mitre joints with biscuits/bolts | Cutting hob hole without manufacturer template |
| 7 | Fit plinth | Cut to suit final floor finish | Fitting before LVT/tile and being too short |
| 8 | Install integrated appliances | Carcass and door alignment | Fridge door fouling worktop overhang |
| 9 | Fit cornice / pelmet | Mitred and scribed | Mitre gaps from poor measurement |
| 10 | Handles & silicone | Last to avoid damage | Silicone before handles fitted (joint disturbed) |
Detailed Guidance
Setting the datum
The single most important step. Find the highest point of the kitchen floor with a long spirit level or a laser level. From that point, measure up the base unit height (typically 870mm to top of carcass — 720mm carcass + 150mm legs) and strike a horizontal datum line around the room using a laser or chalk line. Every unit references this line, not the floor.
The datum line is also the top-of-worktop minus worktop thickness. If you mark a second line at top-of-worktop plus 450mm, that's the bottom of your wall units. Strike both lines.
On uneven floors, the leg-adjustment range (commonly 100–170mm) should comfortably absorb the variation. If the floor has more than 20mm fall across the run, flag it to the customer — the plinth will need scribing.
Tall units first
Tall units (larder, oven housing, fridge/freezer housing) anchor the run vertically. They are usually fixed to a structural wall and set the height of the cornice line. Fit them, plumb them in both planes, and check the front face is flush across all tall units in the run.
If two tall units sit either end of a run with wall units between, both ends must be plumb before the wall units go up — otherwise the cornice line dog-legs visibly.
Wall units before base units
The argument for wall-unit-first:
- Clear floor and worktop area for ladder feet and tools
- No risk of denting laminate or scratching quartz with a stepladder
- Drilling dust falls onto a clean floor, not into open drawers
- Cabinet doors are not yet fitted to base units, so any drops only hit carcass
The argument for base-first (older trade preference):
- Heavy timber base units provided a working platform for hanging wall units in the pre-flat-pack era
- Worktop level gives a sight-line for wall unit horizontal alignment
On modern installs, wall-unit-first wins on damage prevention. Use a wall-unit lift or two-person handling. Standard wall unit weight: 12–18kg empty.
Fix to the structural wall with cabinet hangers (Camar, Hettich Wing) onto two M6 wall plugs per unit minimum. For plasterboard with no stud behind, use Geefix or equivalent heavy-duty plasterboard fixings rated 50kg+ per fixing. Two fixings per cabinet hanger.
Base unit installation
Base units sit on adjustable legs. Set the front legs of the first carcass to the datum, then the back legs, then plumb the unit front-to-back and side-to-side. Move to the next carcass. Clamp adjacent carcasses together at the front and back rails with quick-grip clamps, then fix through with M6 connecting bolts (one top, one bottom — minimum two per joint).
For an L-shaped run, start at the internal corner and work outwards. The corner unit (typically a 900x900 magic corner or carousel) sets the position of both legs of the L.
For islands, set out from the centreline of the room or a feature wall. Islands are usually fixed to the floor via timber battens screwed to subfloor; the carcasses sit over the battens and are screwed down inside the cabinet.
Worktop installation
Template the worktop AFTER base units are installed and squared. For laminate postform tops, scribe to the wall using a compass scribe, cut with a router and template, and join with worktop bolts and biscuits (mason's mitre at internal corners). Use brown or clear silicone (matching laminate edge) on joins, not white — it discolours.
For solid surface (quartz, granite, sintered stone), the template is taken by the worktop supplier after base units are fixed. Lead time is typically 5–10 working days. Plan the install around it — don't fit appliances until the stone is in.
Worktop sequence within the day:
- Dry-fit and check
- Apply silicone bead to top of base unit rail
- Lower worktop into position
- Pull joints tight with worktop bolts
- Apply continuous silicone bead along wall-to-worktop joint
- Apply mitre adhesive (CT1 or similar) at joint, clamp, wipe excess
Plinth fitting
The plinth is the kicking strip below the base units, typically 150mm high. Fit it AFTER:
- Worktop is in
- Final floor finish is laid (LVT, tile, engineered wood)
- Appliances are positioned (so integrated dishwasher plinth notch is correct)
The plinth clips to the cabinet legs via plinth clips (one per leg). Scribe the bottom edge to the floor finish if uneven. Leave a 5mm gap at the floor — capillary draw will suck water in if the plinth touches a wet floor.
Integrated appliance order
- Built-under dishwasher and washing machine — slide in, level, plumb, electrical, screw to adjacent carcass
- Built-under fridge — same
- Integrated tall fridge/freezer — slide in, fix carcass to wall, fit appliance to carcass per manufacturer, then fit cabinet door to appliance bracket (sliding hinge or fixed)
- Built-in oven — slide into housing, screw through oven flange into housing
- Built-in microwave / coffee machine — same
- Hob — drop into worktop cut-out, seal with supplied gasket or silicone, connect electrical/gas (gas requires Gas Safe registered installer)
- Cooker hood — fix to wall or chimney unit; align with hob centreline; ducting before the hood is fixed
Gas hob installation is Gas Safe notifiable work. Electrical hob and oven on a dedicated 32A circuit is Part P notifiable.
Cornice, pelmet and handles
Cornice (top trim) and pelmet (bottom trim of wall unit) are fitted after wall units are aligned and tall units are in. Mitre at external corners (45° unless ornate cornice requires compound mitre). Scribed to wall at terminations.
Handles last — drill from inside the door using a handle jig. Common heights:
- Base unit door handles: 50mm from top edge of door
- Wall unit door handles: 50mm from bottom edge of door
- Drawer handles: centred on drawer face
Common edge cases
Out-of-square room: Set out from the longest run. Use a packer-and-scribe strategy at the corner that doesn't square up. Don't try to force the run square — the wall is the wrong reference.
Tile splashback fitted by another trade: Coordinate with the tiler. Worktop must be in before tiling. Wall units must be either in before tiling (so tiler scribes to unit) OR after (so tiles are continuous behind unit — rare).
Existing kitchen strip-out: Allow a day for strip-out and making-good. Cap services before disconnecting. Photograph the existing wiring before cutting.
Frequently Asked Questions
Wall units or base units first — what's the right answer?
Wall units first is now the dominant UK practice for modern carcass kitchens. The reasoning is damage protection (no working over finished worktop) and clean working area. The "base units first" tradition came from heavy timber base cabinets that gave a stable platform; modern flat-pack and rigid factory units don't need it. Both methods are technically valid; wall-first is safer.
Why are plinths fitted last?
Two reasons. First, the plinth absorbs the floor finish thickness — if you fit it before LVT or tile, you'll either have a gap at the floor or have to recut. Second, fitting plinths after worktop and appliances means damage during install lands on the cabinet, not the plinth.
How high should wall units be above the worktop?
UK convention is 450mm clear between worktop and underside of wall unit. KBSA recommends 500–600mm above a hob. Cooker hood manufacturers usually specify 600mm above induction and 650mm above gas — always check the hood's installation instructions and treat that as the minimum.
Can I fit a kitchen on uneven floors without skimming first?
Yes, within reason. Adjustable legs absorb up to 70mm of variation. If the floor falls more than 20mm across the run, scribe the plinth and warn the customer the plinth line won't be straight. If fall is more than 40mm across the room, recommend a self-levelling compound before fitting.
Is kitchen fitting notifiable under Building Regs?
The carpentry isn't. But the work around it usually is:
- Part P electrical (new circuits, replacing a consumer unit, kitchen rewiring) — notifiable
- Part J gas hob — Gas Safe registered installer required
- Part G waste connections — must comply
- Part F mechanical extract ventilation — must achieve 30 L/s cooker hood or 60 L/s general
Regulations & Standards
BS 6222-2:2009 — Domestic kitchen equipment, Part 2: Performance and dimensions
BS 6222-3:1986 — Performance of internal fitments
BS EN 14749:2016 — Domestic and kitchen storage units and worktops — Safety requirements and test methods
BS EN 1116:2017 — Kitchen furniture: coordinating sizes for kitchen furniture and kitchen appliances
Building Regulations Approved Document P — Electrical safety in dwellings
Building Regulations Approved Document F — Ventilation (intermittent extract rates)
Building Regulations Approved Document G — Sanitation, hot water safety and water efficiency
Building Regulations Approved Document J — Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998 — Gas hob and oven installation requires a Gas Safe registered engineer
KBSA Code of Practice — Industry guidance from the Kitchen Bathroom Bedroom Specialists Association
BSI Standards Catalogue — BS 6222-2:2009 — Kitchen equipment performance and dimensions
Approved Document P (Electrical Safety) — UK Government
Approved Document F (Ventilation) — UK Government
KBSA Code of Practice — Kitchen Bathroom Bedroom Specialists Association
Gas Safe Register — Mandatory registration for gas appliance installation
Howdens Joinery Fitting Guide — Manufacturer fitting documentation (representative of UK kitchen fitting practice)
kitchen worktop materials — Comparison of laminate, quartz, granite and solid surface worktops
integrated appliance installation — Detailed appliance fit sequence and ventilation requirements
part p notifiable work — When kitchen electrical work needs Building Control notification
kitchen waste and supply connections — Sink trap, dishwasher and washing machine plumbing